Fig. 5.

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Mass-metallicity diagram for z > 7 galaxies. The large red star shows the measured stellar mass and gas-phase metallicity for GN-z11. The colored circles show the location of the remaining z > 9 galaxies, compiled from the literature: MACS1149-JD1 (Stiavelli et al. 2023), RXJ2129-z95 (Williams et al. 2023), MACS0647–JD (Hsiao et al. 2024a), CEERS–1019 (Nakajima et al. 2023; Marques-Chaves et al. 2024a), GN-z9p4 (Schaerer et al. 2024), GHz2 (Zavala et al. 2024), and JADES-GS-z9-0 (Laseter et al. 2024; Curti et al. 2024a). The empty blue symbols indicate the mass and metallicity of the 7 < z < 9 galaxies, compiled from Langeroodi et al. (2023) (pluses), Nakajima et al. (2023) (stars), Curti et al. (2024b) (squares), and Morishita et al. (2024) (triangles). The dashed blue line shows the best-fit mass-metallicity relation based on a sample of direct-method metallicity measurements at 3 < z < 9.5 (Morishita et al. 2024). The solid red line and the shaded red region show the best-fit mass-metallicity relation and its uncertainty at z ∼ 8 as measured by Langeroodi et al. (2023). GN-z11 agrees with the best-fit mass-metallicity relation at z ∼ 8, consistent with little to no evolution in the normalization of the mass-metallicity relation at z > 6. The stellar mass of GN-z11 is a mean of the values presented in Bunker et al. (2023) and Tacchella et al. (2023).
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