Marginalized posteriors (Ω_m, S₈, r) from the simulated DSS r model using a non-stochastic parameter vector from the α model. The fiducial values are represented by the dashed lines. Hence for r_fiducial = max[r] = 1.0, it is in the right edge of the plot. Because r > 1 is unphysical, projection effects cause a systematic offset between the mean or peak of the 1D marginalized posteriors, particularly in r and S₈, and their input values.