Issue |
A&A
Volume 628, August 2019
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A17 | |
Number of page(s) | 9 | |
Section | Extragalactic astronomy | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834573 | |
Published online | 29 July 2019 |
Gaia GraL: Gaia DR2 gravitational lens systems
IV. Keck/LRIS spectroscopic confirmation of GRAL 113100−441959 and model prediction of time delays
1
Argelander-Institut für Astronomie, Universität Bonn, Auf dem Hügel 71, 53121 Bonn, Germany
e-mail: owertz@alumni.ulg.ac.be
2
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
3
CENTRA, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C8, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
4
Institut d’Astrophysique et de Géophysique, Université de Liège, 19c, Allée du 6 Août, 4000 Liège, Belgium
5
Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, B18N, allée Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 33615 Pessac, France
6
Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange, Boulevard de l’Observatoire, CS 34229, 06304 Nice, France
7
Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 1226, Cidade Universitária, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
8
Zentrum für Astronomie der Universität Heidelberg, Astronomisches Rechen-Institut, Mönchhofstr. 12-14, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
9
California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
10
International Space Science Institute (ISSI), Hallerstraße 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
11
School of Physics, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
12
Niels Bohr Institute – Københavns Universitet, Juliane Maries Vej 30, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
13
School of Physics & Astronomy, North Haugh, St Andrews, UK
14
Universität Hamburg, Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Department of Earth Sciences, Meteorological Institute, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
Received:
5
November
2018
Accepted:
23
January
2019
We report the spectroscopic confirmation and modeling of the quadruply imaged quasar GRAL 113100–441959, the first gravitational lens (GL) to be discovered from a machine learning technique that only relies on the relative positions and fluxes of the observed images without considering colour informations. Follow-up spectra obtained with Keck/LRIS reveal the lensing nature of this quadruply imaged quasar with redshift zs = 1.090 ± 0.002, but show no evidence of the central lens galaxy. Using the image positions and G-band flux ratios provided by Gaia Data Release 2 as constraints, we modeled the system with a singular power-law elliptical mass distribution (SPEMD) plus external shear, to different levels of complexity. We show that relaxing the isothermal constraint of the SPEMD does not lead to statistically significant different results in terms of fitting the lensing data. We thus simplified the SPEMD to a singular isothermal ellipsoid to estimate the Einstein radius of the main lens galaxy θE = 0.″851, the intensity and position angle of the external shear (γ,θγ) = (0.044, 11.°5), and we predict the lensing galaxy position to be (θgal,1, θgal,2) = (−0.″424, −0.″744) with respect to image A. We provide time delay predictions for pairs of images, assuming a plausible range of lens redshift values zl between 0.5 and 0.9. Finally, we examine the impact on time delays of the so-called source position transformation, a family of degeneracies existing between different mass density profiles that reproduce most of the lensing observables equally well. We show that this effect contributes significantly to the time delay error budget and cannot be ignored during the modeling. This has implications for robust cosmography applications of lensed systems. GRAL 113100–441959 is the first in a series of seven new spectroscopically confirmed GLs discovered from Gaia Data Release 2.
Key words: gravitational lensing: strong / quasars: general / astrometry
© ESO 2019
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