MAVEN orbit information. (a) MAVEN trajectory (green line) for the time interval of orbit 822, on March 3, 2015, shown in cylindrical (CYL) MSO coordinates frame. The blue and red arrows mark the positions of MAVEN at the arrival times of the transmitted IP shock and discontinuity-like structure, respectively, (b–d) the same trajectory on the MSO XY, XZ, and YZ planes. The two dashed black curves in each panel represent the average locations of the BS and magnetic pileup boundary.