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Fig. 2

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Comparison of phase spiral clarity when selecting stars based on azimuthal angle (ϕ, left column) and azimuthal angle of the guiding centre or phase angle (θϕ, right column), and using a Gaussian filter (bottom row) compared to not using one (top row). We can note that the right column, particularly the bottom row, has a much clearer spiral pattern than the rest. The plots show number density and number density contrast in the ZVZ phase plane of stars in the solar neighbourhood (d < 1 kpc) with a further selection by ϕ or θϕ. The left column shows stars with 175° < ϕ < 185° and the right column shows stars with 175° < θϕ < 185°. All stars have 1400 < LZ/kpc km s−1 < 1500.

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