Comparison of the physical properties estimated through CIGALE and the main sequence of star-forming galaxies by Schreiber et al. (2015) (solid gray line; the shaded area is its 1σ = 0.3 dex its scatter). The targets are reported as colored stars, with the same color-code as employed in Fig. 6. The dotted gray line reports our threshold for identifying the star-bursting galaxies (i.e., those whose SFR is higher than three times that expected from a main-sequence galaxy). For reference, we also report the location of the RS NIR-dark galaxies around z ∼ 3.5 studied in Gentile et al. (2024), the NIR-faint SMGs by Smail et al. (2021), and the H-dropout galaxies by Wang et al. (2019).