Table 4
Sum of photo-dissociation and photo-ionisation rates of the molecules at rh = 1.0 au.
| Molecule | Sum of photo-dissociation and photo-ionisation rate (× 10−5 s−1) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C1994 (a) | H2015 (b) | H2017 (c) | Adopted (d) | Comets (e) | |
| H2O | 1.3 | 1.21–2.20 | 0.9 | 1.21 | |
| HCN | 1.5 | 1.31–3.24 | 0.8 | 1.54 | |
| HNC | – | 1.54 | |||
| HC3N | 6.6 | 3.92–6.79 | 3.7 | 6.6 | 2–10 |
| CH3CN | 0.67 | 1.12–2.63 | 0.47 | 0.68 | 1–5 |
| HNCO | 2.9 | 2.87–5.08 | 2.9 | 2–10 | |
| NH2CHO | 67 | – | 10.3 | 10.0 | ~10 |
| CH3NH2 | 67 | – | 24.4 | 20.0 | |
| C2H3CN | – | 2 | |||
| C2H5CN | – | 2 | |||
| CH3OH | 1.3 | 1.14-2.07 | 0.85 | 1.31 | |
| H2CO | 20 | 21–22 | 19.3 | 20.0 | 1–8 (f) |
| CO | 0.075 | 0.075–0.188 | 0.055 | 0.065 | <0.5–2 |
| CH3CHO | 7.5 | 17.9–18.2 | 18.2 | 18.0 | 8–20 |
| HCOOH | 3.2 | 88–113 | 10.0 | 5–15 | |
| C2H5OH | 1.8 | – | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2–5 |
| (CH2OH)2 | – | 2–5 | 3–10 | ||
| HCOOCH3 | 4.7 | – | 4.7 | ||
| CH2OHCHO | – | 2 | |||
| CH2CO | 44 | – | 44 | ||
| CH3COOH | 5.1 | – | 5.1 | ||
| CH3OCH3 | 3.1 | – | 3.1 | ||
| CH3COCH3 | – | 5.0 | |||
| c-C2H4O | – | 10 | |||
| H2S | 25 | 32.6–26.8 | 23.1 | 25 | |
| CS | – | 1.2 | 2.5 (g) | ||
| H2CS | – | 20 (h) | 2–30 | ||
| OCS | 9.4 | 10.2–13.0 | 6.9 | 9.4 | 4–20 |
| SO | 15 | 62–66 | 45 | 15 | ~10 (f) |
| SO2 | 21 | 25–28 | 19.3 | 25 | |
| CH3SH | 250–253 | 32.6 | 50 | ||
| NS | – | 5 (i) | |||
| Glycine | – | 1000 (j) | |||
| PH3 | 6.1–7.6 | 6.1 | |||
| PO | – | 10 | |||
| PN | – | 10 | |||
Notes. (a) From Crovisier (1994) and references therein. (b)For the quiet and active Sun from Huebner &Mukherjee (2015). (c)Solar value from Heays et al. (2017): values given in bold have an uncertainty below 30%, and values in italics have an uncertainty larger than a factor of 2. (d) Assumed values with no constraint are in italics. (e)Constraints obtained from line width (see text, Appendix D, and e.g. Biver et al. 2011). (f) For H2 CO and SO, the constraint from line width is on the combined scale length of parent + daughter. For SO, it is compatible with the assumed SO2 and SO lifetimes (see also Boissier et al. 2007). (g)Estimate from Biver et al. (2011). (h)Value proposed by Woodney et al. (1999). (i)Centre of the range proposed by Irvine et al. (2000), which is estimated from the analogy between NS and NO and the fact that sulphur species have shorter lifetimes. (j)Value used in Hadraoui et al. (2019).
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