Issue |
A&A
Volume 631, November 2019
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | A3 | |
Number of page(s) | 21 | |
Section | Interstellar and circumstellar matter | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201834903 | |
Published online | 11 October 2019 |
Multi-scale analysis of the Monoceros OB 1 star-forming region
II. Colliding filaments in the Monoceros OB1 molecular cloud★
1
Institut UTINAM – UMR 6213 – CNRS – University of Bourgogne Franche Comté, France, OSU THETA,
41bis avenue de l’Observatoire,
25000
Besançon,
France
e-mail: julien@obs-besancon.fr
2
Department of Physics, University of Helsinki,
PO Box 64,
00014,
Finland
3
IRAP, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, CNES,
31400
Toulouse,
France
4
Yunnan Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
396 Yangfangwang,
Guandu, Kunming,
650216,
PR China
5
Chinese Academy of Sciences, South America Center for Astrophysics (CASSACA),
Camino El Observatorio 1515,
Las Condes,
Santiago,
Chile
6
Departamento de Astronomía, Universidad de Chile,
Las Condes,
Santiago,
Chile
7
Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences,
80 Nandan Road,
Shanghai
200030,
PR China
8
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute,
776 Daedeokdaero,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon
34055,
Republic of Korea
9
East Asian Observatory,
660 N. A’ohoku Place,
Hilo,
HI
96720,
USA
10
Astrophysics Research Institute, Liverpool John Moores University,
IC2, Liverpool Science Park, 146 Brownlow Hill,
Liverpool
L3 5RF,
UK
11
University of Science & Technology,
176 Gajeong-dong,
Yuseong-gu,
Daejeon,
Republic of Korea
12
Academia Sinica, Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics,
Taipei,
Taiwan
13
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, National Institutes of Natural Sciences,
2-21-1 Osawa,
Mitaka,
Tokyo
181-8588,
Japan
14
SOFIA Science Centre, USRA, NASA Ames Research Centre,
MS N232-12 Moffett Field,
CA
94035,
USA
15
Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University,
1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai,
Osaka
599-8531,
Japan
16
Department of Physics, School of Science and Humanities,
Kabanbay batyr ave, 53,
Nur-Sultan
010000,
Kazakhstan
17
Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Astronomy,
Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A,
1117,
Budapest,
Hungary
18
Department of Earth Science and Astronomy, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo,
3-8-1 Komaba,
Meguro,
Tokyo
153-8902,
Japan
19
Institute of Physics I, University of Cologne,
Zülpicher Str. 77,
50937,
Cologne,
Germany
20
AIM, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Diderot,
Sorbonne Paris Cité,
91191
Gif-sur-Yvette,
France
21
ICC, University of Barcelona,
Marti i Franquès 1,
08028
Barcelona,
Spain
22
Konkoly Observatory of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences,
1121 Budapest,
Konkoly Thege Miklósút
15-17,
Hungary
23
IAPS – INAF,
via Fosso del Cavaliere 100,
00133,
Rome,
Italy
24
Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Peking University,
5 Yiheyuan Road,
Haidian District,
Beijing
100871,
PR China
25
European Southern Observatory (ESO) Headquarters,
Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2,
85748
Garching bei München,
Germany
Received:
17
December
2018
Accepted:
26
August
2019
Context. We started a multi-scale analysis of star formation in G202.3+2.5, an intertwined filamentary sub-region of the Monoceros OB1 molecular complex, in order to provide observational constraints on current theories and models that attempt to explain star formation globally. In the first paper (Paper I), we examined the distributions of dense cores and protostars and found enhanced star formation activity in the junction region of the filaments.
Aims. In this second paper, we aim to unveil the connections between the core and filament evolutions, and between the filament dynamics and the global evolution of the cloud.
Methods. We characterise the gas dynamics and energy balance in different parts of G202.3+2.5 using infrared observations from the Herschel and WISE telescopes and molecular tracers observed with the IRAM 30-m and TRAO 14-m telescopes. The velocity field of the cloud is examined and velocity-coherent structures are identified, characterised, and put in perspective with the cloud environment.
Results. Two main velocity components are revealed, well separated in radial velocities in the north and merged around the location of intense N2H+ emission in the centre of G202.3+2.5 where Paper I found the peak of star formation activity. We show that the relative position of the two components along the sightline, and the velocity gradient of the N2H+ emission imply that the components have been undergoing collision for ~105 yr, although it remains unclear whether the gas moves mainly along or across the filament axes. The dense gas where N2H+ is detected is interpreted as the compressed region between the two filaments, which corresponds to a high mass inflow rate of ~1 × 10−3 M⊙ yr−1 and possibly leads to a significant increase in its star formation efficiency. We identify a protostellar source in the junction region that possibly powers two crossed intermittent outflows. We show that the H II region around the nearby cluster NCG 2264 is still expanding and its role in the collision is examined. However, we cannot rule out the idea that the collision arises mostly from the global collapse of the cloud.
Conclusions. The (sub-)filament-scale observables examined in this paper reveal a collision between G202.3+2.5 sub-structures and its probable role in feeding the cores in the junction region. To shed more light on this link between core and filament evolutions, one must characterise the cloud morphology, its fragmentation, and magnetic field, all at high resolution. We consider the role of the environment in this paper, but a larger-scale study of this region is now necessary to investigate the scenario of a global cloud collapse.
Key words: ISM: clouds / stars: formation
The reduced datacubes (FITS files) of our IRAM and TRAO observations are only available at the CDS via anonymous ftp to cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr (130.79.128.5) or via http://cdsarc.u-strasbg.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/A+A/631/A3
© J. Montillaud et al. 2019
Open Access article, published by EDP Sciences, under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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