Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images illustrating the morphological changes in olivine samples before and after impact. (a) Secondary electron (SE) image of unshocked Fa₅₀ olivine, showing its original texture. (b) SE image of olivine shocked at 18 GPa, displaying a distinctive “slag-like” texture. (c) SE image of olivine shocked at 31 GPa (melt dark region), revealing the development of flocculent structures. The olivine displays loose, irregular features resembling floccules. (d) SE image of olivine shocked at 31 GPa (melt dark region), revealing the development of shrinkage structures. The olivine underwent a noticeable reduction in volume after impact, accompanied by surface wrinkling. (e) SE image of olivine shocked at 41 GPa, displaying pronounced shrinkage features. (f) SE image of olivine shocked at 47 GPa, showing intense shrinkage and melting, with conspicuous voids formed due to contraction.