JWST colour-composite image of MACS J0138–2155, created with the passbands F115W+F150W (blue), F200W+F277W (green), and F356W+F444W (red). The 23 spectroscopically confirmed multiple images included in our strong-lensing analysis are marked with circles, colour-coded per system, as specified in the legend. The crosses, following the same colour-coding scheme, mark the best-fit model-predicted positions of the multiple images from our reference strong-lensing model. The two line-of-sight galaxies and the three jellyfish member galaxies included in our model are labelled in grey and light blue, respectively, following Sect. 3. The best-fit critical curves from our reference strong-lensing model at the redshift of the SNe host galaxy (z = 1.949), are shown in green. The cyan cross indicates the reference position, associated with the BCG.