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Fig. 4.

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Distribution of the PA misalignment between mass and light, and the local galaxy density, Σ10, and its variations. Left: Variations of Σ10 are based on different galaxy selection criteria, including the number of galaxies considered and flux-based thresholds. Right: Variations correspond to different weighting schemes used in defining Σ10 (i.e., definitions B, C, and D). Systems with low ellipticity (qL>0.9) are excluded from both cases. While the baseline definitions, Σ10 and Σ20, exhibit a moderate to strong correlation with the PA misalignment, other definitions show only weak to very weak correlations. Therefore, we cannot robustly conclude a strong relationship between PA misalignment and local galaxy density.

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