Hydroxylamine in astrophysical ices: Infrared spectra and cosmic-ray-induced radiolytic chemistry

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Table 7

Possible complex organic molecules present in irradiated the NH₂OH:H₂O:CO ternary ice.

Molecule	Characteristic IR absorption bands (cm^–1)	Reference	Detected?
Carbamic Acid (H₂NCOOH)	3462, 3140 (br), 1691, 1451, 1320	Bossa et al. (2008)	Possible
Carbonic Acid (H₂CO₃)	2850 (w), 2630, 1714 (=), 1508 (=), 1313 (=), 1040	Ioppolo et al. (2021)	No
Formamide (H₂NCHO)	3368–3181, 2881, 1708 (s), 1631 (s), 1388, 1328	Brucato et al. (2006)	Likely
Formic Acid (HCOOH)	1685, 1380 (w), 1211 (m)	Bergantini et al. (2014)	Yes
Glycine (H₂NCH₂COOH)	3500–3200, 1725, 1650, 1423, 1326, 1250	Maté et al. (2011)	Possible
Urea (H₂NCONH₂)	1672, 1626, 1594, 1454	Timón et al. (2021)	Likely

Notes. Assignments are made based on the observed IR absorption features detailed in Table 6 and Figs. 5 and 6. N.B. (w) = weak band; (m) = medium-strength band; (s) = strong band; (br) = broad band; (=) = bands are of approximately equal intensity.

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