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Table 1
Features and parameters of the Standard model.
| Name | Parameter | Value | Notes, refs. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gas density | nH (cm−3) | 108 | |
| Interstellar extinction | AV (mag) | 10 | |
| Gas temperature | Tgas (K) | … | |
| Dust temperature | Td (K) | … | |
| Td exponent | y | −1/6 | Eq. (1) |
| Initial Tgas | Tini (K) | 10 | |
| Maximum Tgas | Tmax (K) | 150 | |
| Final Tgas | Tend (K) | 40 | |
| Heating time to Tmax | theat (yr) | 104 | |
| Time at Tmax | tplat (yr) | 0 | |
| Cooling time to Tend | tcool (yr) | 104 | |
| CR ionization rate | ζCR (s−1) | 4 × 10−17 | 1, 2 |
| Irradiation factor | I | 1.0 | |
| Gas network | RATE 12 | 3(a) | |
| Surface network | OSU | 4(b) | |
| Initial abundances | M-1/6COM | 5(c), Table 4 | |
| Grains/gas | 0.5% | by mass | |
| Ice/gas | 0.8% | by mass (d) | |
| Grain size bins | 5 | 2 |
Notes. (a) http://udfa.ajmarkwick.net (b) Reduced to match RATE12. (c)At the end of the prestellar stage. (d)At total freeze-out. References: (1) Ivlev et al. (2015), (2) KKV24, (3) McElroy et al. (2013), (4) Garrod et al. (2008), (5) KF24.
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