Cosmic-ray induced sputtering of interstellar formaldehyde ices

Open Access

Table 5.

Fits of direct cosmic-ray sputtering rates Γ_CRD of pure H₂CO, H₂O, CO₂, and CO ices, as plotted in Fig. 9. See text for details.

Ice	Γ_CRD (molecules cm⁻²s⁻¹)
H₂CO	0.15ζ₁₇^(a)
H₂O	1.2ζ₁₇
CO₂	6.1ζ₁₇
CO	13ζ₁₇

Notes.

^(a)

ζ₁₇ is the rate of cosmic-ray ionisation of molecular hydrogen in units of 10⁻¹⁷s⁻¹.

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