Four HD 209458 b transits through CRIRES+: Detection of H2O and non-detections of C2H2, CH4, and HCN

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Volume 690 (October 2024)

A&A, 690 (2024) A63

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Table 5

Comparison of this work with a selection of other HD 209458 b studies.

	Hawker et al. (2018)	Giacobbe et al. (2021)	Xue et al. (2024)	This work
Instrument	VLT/CRIRES	TNG/GIANO-B	JWST/NIRCam	VLT/CRIRES+
ℛ	≈100 000	≈50 000	≈1500	≈92 000
λ range (μm)	2.29–2.35, 3.18–3.27	0.95–2.45	2.36–4.02, 3.86–5.06	1.51–1.78
Observations	4 2^ry transits	5 transits	2 transits⁽^a⁾	4 transits
Method	CCF analysis	CCF analysis	Free retrieval	CCF analysis
Detected species	CO, H₂O, HCN	C₂H₂, CH₄, CO, H₂O, HCN, NH₃	CO₂, H₂O	H₂O
C/O	⪆1 ^(b)	⪆1	${0.11}_{- 0.06}^{+ 0.12}$ $\[0.11_{-0.06}^{+0.12}\]$	≈0.1–0.55⁽^b⁾
log₁₀(Z)	−	≈− 1 to 1	${0.54}_{- 0.23}^{+ 0.30}$ $\[0.54_{-0.23}^{+0.30}\]$	≈0.5 to 1⁽^b⁾
P_c (log₁₀(Pa))	−	≈− 0.5^(b,c)	${1.69}_{- 0.69}^{+ 0.50}$ $\[1.69_{-0.69}^{+0.50}\]$	≈1.7⁽^b⁾

Notes. ^(a)One transit for each wavelength range. ^(b)Limited or no parameter space exploration. ^(c)Cloud fraction of 0.4.

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