Location of the magnetospheric frontiers crossed by BepiColombo during its three first Mercury flybys. Pink (orange) dots show all BS (MP) crossings identified from MESSENGER and Mariner-10 observations. The solid black, blue, and green lines with arrows show the trajectories of BepiColombo during MFB1, MFB2, and MFB3, respectively, together with the outbound BS (blue crosses) and inbound and outbound MP (pink crosses) crossings identified by MEA and MPPE. The two solid conic lines correspond to average BS and MP locations derived from MESSENGER observations, whereas the two dashed conic lines correspond to the fit to the outbound boundary locations identified by MEA and MPPE.