Validation data results for the ffNN-based stellar evolution emulator. The histograms and summary statistics of the residuals , over the validation data k = 1, …, N_val are shown, for Y_L in panel a, for Y_T in panel b, and for Y_g in panel c. We calculate the mean , the standard deviation σ_ϵ, the most extremal underprediction ϵ⁺, and the most extremal overprediction ϵ⁻. Overall, the distribution of residuals is globally symmetric around near 0, with a sharper peak than a Gaussian, reminiscent of a Cauchy distribution.