Table 2
Photodesorption rates from the literature.
Species | Rate (molecules photon−1) | Photon sourcea | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
CH4 | 2.2±1.1×10−3 | Dense core | b |
<2×10−3 | H2 lamp | c | |
NH3 | 2.1 10−3 | H2 lamp | d |
H2O | 7.5±0.6×10−3 at 100 K | H2 lamp | e |
3.5±0.25×10−3 at 10 K | H2 lamp | e | |
1.8×10−4 | 157 nm | f | |
1.3±0.5×10−3 at 8 K | H2 lamp | g | |
D2O | 1.94±0.75×10−3 at 20 K | H2 lamp | h |
4.5±0.75×10−3 at 100 K | H2 lamp | h | |
Ne | 2±1.5×10−3 at 6 K | 25–60 nm | i |
CO | 9.4×10−3 at 18 K | Pre-stellar core | j |
1.0×10−2 at 18 K | Pre-stellar core | k | |
wavelength dep. | l | ||
wavelength dep. | m | ||
6.4±0.5×10−2 at 7 K | H2 lamp | n | |
5.4±0.5×10−2 at 8 K | H2 lamp | n | |
3.5±0.5×10−2 at 15 K | H2 lamp | n | |
3.0±0.75×10−3 at 15 K | H2 lamp | o | |
2.7±1.3×10−3 at 15 K | H2 lamp | h | |
N2 | <2×10−4 at 15 K | H2 lamp | h |
2.2×10−3 at 14 K | Pre-stellar core | k | |
NO | 1.3±0.5×10−2 at 10 K | Pre-stellar core | p |
H2CO | 4–10×10−4 at 10 K | Pre-stellar core | q |
O2 | 2.6×10−3 at 14 K | Pre-stellar core | k |
6±2×10−4 at 14 K | H2 lamp | r | |
CH3OH | 1.5±0.6×10−5 at 9 K | Pre-stellar core | s |
<3×10−5 at 8 K | H2 lamp | t | |
CO2 | 1.2±0.7×10−3 at 15 K | H2 lamp | h |
1.4 10−2 at 6 K | H2 lamp | u | |
5.6±0.3×10−3 at 75 K | H2 lamp | v | |
1.1×10−4 at 8 K | H2 lamp | w | |
CH3CN | 2.0± 1.0×10−5 at 15 K | Dense cloud | x |
Notes. (a)Mean yield over an H2 discharge lamp spectrum representative of dense cloud emission spectra; the pre-stellar core is the result of the convolution of the wavelength-dependent yield with the expected pre-stellar core (secondary UV induced by cosmic rays) astronomical spectrum. (b)Dupuy et al. (2017a). (c)Carrascosa et al. (2020). (d)Martín-Doménech et al. (2018). (e)Westley et al. (1995). (f)DeSimone et al. (2013). (g)Cruz-Diaz et al. (2018). (h)Öberg et al. (2009).(i) Arakawa et al. (2000). (j)Fayolle et al. (2011). (k)Fayolle et al. (2013). (l)Bertin et al. (2012). (m)Chen et al. (2014). (n)Muñoz Caro et al. (2010). (o)Öberg et al. (2007). (p)Dupuy et al. (2017b). (q)Féraud et al. (2019). (r)Zhen & Linnartz (2014). (s)Bertin et al. (2016). (t)Cruz-Diaz et al. (2016). (u)Bahr & Baragiola (2012). (v)Yuan & Yates (2013). (w)Martín-Doménech et al. (2015). (x)Basalgète et al. (2021).
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