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Fig. 12.

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Relationships between the parameters of the flares and the physical properties of the flaring stars. Panels a and b show the positive relationship between flare energy and stellar parameters (temperature in panel a and mass in panel b). The negative relationship between the amplitude and the same stellar parameters shown in panels c and d. Orange dots are A-type stars, green dots are F-type stars, purple dots are G-type stars, yellow dots are K-type stars, and blue dots are M-type stars, while pink dots are stars with unknown spectral type. The black line is the fitting of all points in the figure, and the red line is the fitting of all the G-, K-, and M-type stars. The pink line is the fitting of all points with amplitude in the range of 0.01–0.1 and with energy in the range of 1 × 1033–1036 erg, and the blue line is all the G-, K-, and M-type stars with the same range of amplitude and energy.

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