Magnetic field topology on the X–Z plane in the MSO coordinates for the radial IMF conditions. Panels a and b stand for an IMF cone angle equal to 0° (B_X = 3 nT) and 180° (B_X = −3 nT). The solar wind dynamic pressure P_d = 1 nPa. The arrows indicate the upstream IMF direction, the black lines with arrows represent the magnetic field lines, and the color bars show the solar wind thermal pressure.