Relative position of planet Mercury (red circle) and the Earth (blue circle), left panels, from top to bottom, for the events on 5 June 2011, 20 September 2012, 27 January 2012, and 26 May 2012. Right panels: enhancements in the particle fluxes observed on the same days that were described by the spectrogram and the proton flux measured by FIPS-MESSENGER in the energy channel between 12.9 and 14.1 KeV. The vertical red line in the proton time profiles represents the CME arrival at MESSENGER (Winslow et al. 2015). The spikes in the time profiles preceding and following the considered events are due to the periodic passage of MESSENGER through Mercury’s magnetosphere.