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Fig. B.1.

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Approximate corrections for unresolved or slightly resolved sources with overestimated backgrounds. The model Gaussian source 𝒢 with a size of 10″ (FWHM) and a peak intensity of 1 is superposed on a flat background with a constant intensity of ℬ0.9 = 0.6 (upper red lines). The increasingly overestimated backgrounds ℬ0.7, ℬ0.8, ℬ0.9, ℬ1.0, and ℬ1.1 are shown with the dotted lines of different color. When such backgrounds are subtracted (lower colored curves), the source FWHM sizes A, peak intensities FP, and total fluxes FT become increasingly underestimated. The measured A values (given in the plot) get progressively smaller than the angular resolution of 10″, which clearly indicates an increasing inaccuracy of the background. Requiring that a source cannot be narrower than the telescope beam, it is possible to improve the measurements, substantially reducing their errors.

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