SFR_norm vs. X-ray luminosity. SFR_norm and L_X are the median values of our binned measurements, in bins of L_X, with 0.5 dex width. Errors are calculated using bootstrap resampling by performing 100 resamplings with replacement at each bin. Results are colour-coded based on the redshift interval. Top: SFR_norm estimated using our reference galaxy catalogue with SFR measurements from X-CIGALE. Middle: results when excluding quiescent galaxies from the reference catalogue. Bottom: measurements when excluding quiescent systems from the X-ray and the reference galaxy catalogues (see text for more details).