¹²CO Spectral Line Energy Distribution (SLED) for HerBS-89a (red dots), compared to other well-studied local and high-z galaxies (or samples of galaxies). The CO SLEDs are normalized to the J = 1 − 0 transition, after correcting for the magnification, and the line fluxes of HerBS-89a have been corrected for amplification (see Sect. 5 and Table 6) before normalizing. The three samples of galaxies are from Bothwell et al. (2013) including 32 DSFGs at 1.2 < z < 4.1, Spilker et al. (2014), including 22 SPT-selected DFSGs at 2.0 < z < 5.7, and Valentino et al. (2020), including 78 “main sequence” star-forming galaxies. References to individual sources are: Cosmic Eyelash (Swinbank et al. 2011; Danielson et al. 2011); Cloverleaf (Barvainis et al. 1997; Weiß et al. 2003; Bradford et al. 2009; Riechers et al. 2011); GN20 (Carilli et al. 2010; Cortzen et al. 2020, and in prep.); M 82 (Weiß et al. 2005); and the Milky Way disk (Fixsen et al. 1999).