Fig. 1

Evolution of a) size and b) Stokes number of pebbles migrating from gas drag for Ṁ∗ 8 = ṀF4 = α3 = 1. The dust grains are initially 0.001 cm in size and their growth and migration paths are calculated by directly integrating dR/ dt = R/tgrow and dr/ dt = −r/tmig with Eqs. (41) and (42) as bold lines. The dashed lines represent the analytical estimates of Eqs. (48) and (50) in panel a), and those in panel b) are τs,crit1 (Eqs. (47)) and Eq. (20) with Eq. (50).
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