Pickup ion velocity spectra, f(w), of He⁺, C⁺, O⁺, and Ne⁺ as a function of w_sw = | v_ion−v_sw | /v_sw. Due to systematic and statistical uncertainties of the underlying mass-per-charge model, a reliable prediction for the velocity spectra of Fe³⁺, Mg⁺, and Fe²⁺ (and partially N⁺) is hardly possible. The spectra were corrected for the orbital velocity of the spacecraft and instrumental phase space coverage, but no instrumental response function to correct for the varying detection efficiency was applied (see text for details).