Late-time constraints on interacting dark energy: Analysis independent of H₀, r_d, and M_B

¹ Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies (FIAS), Ruth-Moufang-Strasse 1, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
e-mail: benidav@post.bgu.ac.il
² Helsinki Institute of Physics, University of Helsinki, PO Box 64 00014 Helsinki, Finland
³ Department of Mathematics, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073, India
⁴ Institute of Systems Science, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334 Durban 4000, Republic of South Africa
⁵ Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
⁶ School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, Hounsfield Road, Sheffield S3 7RH, UK
⁷ Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
⁸ Divisão de Astrofísica, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, Avenida dos Astronautas 1758, São José dos Campos, 12227-010 São Paulo, Brazil

Received: 6 March 2024
Accepted: 27 May 2024

Abstract

We investigated a possible interaction between cold dark matter and dark energy, corresponding to a well-known interacting dark energy model discussed in the literature within the context of resolving the Hubble tension. We put constraints on it in a novel way, by creating new likelihoods with an analytical marginalization over the Hubble parameter H₀, the sound horizon r_d, and the supernova absolute magnitude M_B. Our aim is to investigate the impacts on the coupling parameter of the interacting model, ξ, and the equation of state of dark energy w and the matter density parameter Ω_m, 0. The late-time cosmological probes used in our analysis include the PantheonPlus (calibrated and uncalibrated), cosmic chronometers, and baryon acoustic oscillation samples and the Pantheon for comparison. Through various combinations of these datasets, we demonstrate hints of an up to 2σ deviation from the standard Λ cold dark matter model.