VLT/CRIRES+ observations of warm Neptune WASP-107 b - Challenges in detecting molecules with ground-based transmission spectroscopy of cooler and cloudy exoplanets

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Volume 711 (July 2026)

A&A, 711 (2026) A254

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Table 1

Host star and planetary parameters for WASP-107 b.

Star (WASP-107)

Parameter	Symbol/units	Value
Mass^a	M_*(M_⊙)	${0.683}_{- 0.016}^{+ 0.017}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.683_{-0.016}^{+0.017}\]$$
Radius^a	R_*(R_⊙)	0.67 ± 0.02
Age^a	(Gyr)	3.4 ± 0.7
Distance^b	(pc)	64.401 ± 0.1078
Spectral type^c		K7V
Luminosity^a	L_*(L_⊙)	0.132 ± 0.003
Magnitude (K band)^d	m_{K_s}	8.637 ± 0.023
Effective temperature^a	T_eff (K)	4425 ± 70
Metallicity^a	(Fe/H)	0.02 ± 0.09
Surface gravity (log g)^a	log₁₀ (cm/s²)	4.633 ± 0.012
Carbon-to-oxygen ratio^e	C/O	0.50 ± 0.10
v sin i^f	(km/s)	${0.507}_{- 0.086}^{+ 0.072}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.507_{-0.086}^{+0.072}\]$$

Planet (WASP-107 b)

Parameter	Symbol/units	Value

Mass^a	M_p (M_J)	0.0960 ± 0.0050
Radius^g	R_p (R_J)	0.94 ± 0.02
Density^a	ρ (g/cm³)	${0.134}_{- 0.013}^{+ 0.015}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[0.134_{-0.013}^{+0.015}\]$$
Eq. temperature^h	T_eq (K)	736 ± 17
Int. temperatureⁱ	T_int (K)	460 ± 40
Orbital period^a	P (days)	5.7214742
Orbital eccentricity^a	e	0.06 ± 0.04
Orbital inclination^g	i (deg)	89.56 ± 0.08
Sky-projected inclination^j	\|λ\| (deg)	$118_{- 19}^{+ 38}$ $Mathematical equation: $\[118_{-19}^{+38}\]$$
Planet RV semi-amplitude^k	K_p (km/s)	105.2 ± 2.5
Argument of periastron^l	ω (deg)	−2.3 ± 6.1
Semi-major axis^m	a (au)	0.055 ± 0.001
Transit depth^m	δ (%)	2.17 ± 0.02
Transit duration^f	t₁₄ (hours)	2.7528 ± 0.0072

Notes. ^a Piaulet et al. (2021), ^bGaia EDR3 (Gaia Collaboration 2021), ^c Dressing et al. (2019), ^d2MASS All-Sky Catalog (Cutri et al. 2003), ^e Hejazi et al. (2023), ^f Bourrier et al. (2023), ^g Kokori et al. (2023), ^h Močnik et al. (2017), ⁱ Sing et al. (2024), ^j Rubenzahl et al. (2021), ^k Guilluy et al. (2024), ^l Murphy et al. (2024), ^mAnderson et al. (2017).

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