JOYS: Linking the molecular ice and gas phase composition toward the high-mass hot core IRAS 18089–1732

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Volume 709 (May 2026)

A&A, 709 (2026) A235

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Table D.1

Molecular column densities in the ices and gas phase toward IRAS 18089.

Molecule	XCLASS label (catalog)	Column density
		N_gas (cm⁻²)	$Δ N_{g a s}^{l o w}$ $Mathematical equation: $\Delta N_\mathrm{gas}^{\mathrm{low}}$$ (cm⁻²)	$Δ N_{g a s}^{u p p}$ $Mathematical equation: $\Delta N_\mathrm{gas}^{\mathrm{upp}}$$ (cm⁻²)	N_ice (cm⁻²)	$Δ N_{i c e}^{l o w}$ $Mathematical equation: $\Delta N_\mathrm{ice}^{\mathrm{low}}$$ (cm⁻²)	$Δ N_{i c e}^{u p p}$ $Mathematical equation: $\Delta N_\mathrm{ice}^{\mathrm{upp}}$$ (cm⁻²)
C¹⁸O×372	CO-18;v=0;(CDMS)	5.9(20)	3.3(20)	7.5(20)	...	...	...
H₂O		...	...	...	1.5(19)	7.3(18)	7.3(18)
H¹³CO⁺×50	HC-13-O+;v=0;#2(JPL)	3.2(16)	2.5(16)	1.6(16)	...	...	...
C₂H	CCH;v=0;(CDMS)	4.4(15)	3.5(15)	4.3(15)	...	...	...
CH₄		...	...	...	4.6(17)	9.3(16)	9.3(16)
HCOO⁻		...	...	...	3.6(17)	7.2(16)	7.2(16)
HCOOH^(a)	HCOOH;v=0;(CDMS)	<5.0(16)	...	...	6.0(16)	1.9(16)	1.9(16)
CH₃OH^(b)	CH3OH;v=0;#2(JPL)	2.0(18)	1.1(18)	1.9(17)	2.6(18)	1.3(18)	1.3(18)
¹³CH₃OH(E)×50	C-13-H3OH;v=0;E(CDMS)	4.0(18)	2.9(18)	3.9(18)	...	...	...
¹³CH₃OH(A)×50	C-13-H3OH;v=0;A(CDMS)	3.4(18)	3.4(18)	2.1(19)	...	...	...
CH₃OH,v_t=1	CH3OH;v12=1;#2(JPL)	2.7(18)	1.1(18)	5.5(17)	...	...	...
CH₃CHO	CH3CHO;v=0;#1(JPL)	7.1(15)	3.4(15)	1.2(16)	1.8(17)	3.8(16)	3.8(16)
CH₃OCHO	CH3OCHO;v=0;#1(JPL)	2.0(17)	8.7(16)	2.0(17)	...	...	...
CH₃OCHO,v₁₈=1	CH3OCHO;v18=1;(JPL)	4.1(17)	5.7(16)	3.3(17)	...	...	...
CH₃COOH^(a)	CH3COOH;v=0;(CDMS)	<1.0(16)	...	...	6.6(16)	1.4(16)	1.4(16)
C₂H₅OH	C2H5OH;v=0;#1(CDMS)	9.0(16)	4.5(16)	3.3(15)	8.3(16)	2.7(16)	2.7(16)
CH₃OCH₃	CH3OCH3;v=0;(CDMS)	4.9(17)	2.2(17)	1.1(17)	1.7(17)	4.0(16)	4.0(16)
CH₃COCH₃	CH3COCH3;v=0;#1(JPL)	3.7(17)	1.6(17)	5.0(17)	3.2(16)	1.2(16)	1.2(16)
OCN⁻		...	...	...	5.4(17)	1.1(17)	1.1(17)
H¹³CN×50	HC-13-N;v=0;hyp1(CDMS)	1.0(18)	1.7(17)	1.3(17)	...	...	...
HNCO	HNCO;v=0;(CDMS)	9.2(15)	5.0(15)	1.4(15)	...	...	...
HC₃N	HCCCN;v=0;#2(JPL)	1.7(16)	3.9(15)	1.1(17)	...	...	...
H¹³CCCN×50	HC-13-CCN;v=0;#2(JPL)	3.6(16)	2.1(16)	1.6(19)	...	...	...
HC¹³CCN×50	HCC-13-CN;v=0;#2(JPL)	1.4(16)	1.1(16)	2.0(16)	...	...	...
HCC¹³CN×50	HCCC-13-N;v=0;#2(JPL)	1.0(16)	2.4(15)	3.4(16)	...	...	...
HC₃N,v₇=1	HCCCN;v7=1;(CDMS)	3.7(16)	1.2(16)	2.8(17)	...	...	...
NH₂CN	NH2CN;v=0;(JPL)	7.5(14)	6.0(14)	2.1(15)	...	...	...
CH₃³CN×50	CH3C-13-N;v=0;#2(JPL)	1.1(17)	4.0(16)	1.1(17)	...	...	...
NH₂CHO	HC(O)NH2;v=0;(CDMS)	1.6(15)	6.6(14)	2.0(15)	...	...	...
CH₃NCO	CH3NCO;v=0;#1(CDMS)	1.1(15)	5.6(14)	5.0(15)	...	...	...
C₂H₃CN	C2H3CN;v=0;#2(JPL)	3.3(15)	1.3(15)	2.1(15)	...	...	...
C₂H₅CN	C2H5CN;v=0;(CDMS)	6.2(15)	1.5(15)	1.2(16)	...	...	...
C³⁴S×22	CS-34;v=0;(CDMS)	8.0(16)	3.1(16)	1.2(18)	...	...	...
C³³S×86	CS-33;v=0;(CDMS)	4.1(17)	3.4(17)	2.2(17)	...	...	...
SO	SO;v=0;#2(CDMS)	1.0(17)	3.9(16)	2.6(15)	...	...	...
³⁴SO×22	S-34-O;v=0;(CDMS)	1.4(17)	3.3(16)	9.1(16)	...	...	...
SO₂	SO2;v=0;(CDMS)	3.3(17)	1.8(17)	5.1(16)	4.7(16)	1.2(16)	1.2(16)
OCS	OCS;v=0;(CDMS)	1.7(17)	4.7(16)	4.1(16)	...	...	...
O¹³CS×50	OC-13-S;v=0;(CDMS)	4.3(17)	2.2(16)	1.1(18)	...	...	...
H₂CS	H2CS;v=0;#2(JPL)	1.4(17)	1.4(17)	5.0(17)	...	...	...
H₂³CS×50	H2C-13-S;v=0;#2(JPL)	1.1(16)	1.0(16)	2.7(16)	...	...	...
SiO	SiO;v=0;#1(CDMS)	9.9(14)	2.4(14)	3.8(15)	...	...	...

Notes. The format of the column density column with its upper and lower uncertainty ( $N_{- Δ N^{l o w}}^{+ Δ N^{u p p}}$ $Mathematical equation: $N^{+\Delta N^{\mathrm{upp}}}_{-\Delta N^{\mathrm{low}}}$$ ) is a(b)=a × 10^b. The column density of less abundant isotopologs were converted to their corresponding main isotopolog (Sect. 3.2). For each species the XCLASS molecule label is listed as well as the reference catalog, either the Cologne Database for Molecular Spectroscopy (CDMS, Müller et al. 2005) or the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL, Pickett et al. 1998). The XCLASS database version as of December 2024 was used in this work.

^(a) : Upper limits estimated using T_rot=100 K and ∆v=5 km s⁻¹ (mean values derived from detected species).

^(b): The CH₃OH ice column density was inferred indirectly from the MIR source measurements (van Dishoeck et al. 2025) assuming that the CH₃OH/H₂O column density ratio is equal for the mm and MIR sources (Sect. 3.1).

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