Parameter space of parameters considered in this work, including cosmological parameters Ω_M, S₈, and HAM parameter, σ. These samples are randomly divided into two parts with 9:1, corresponding to the training set (orange dots) and validation set (blue dots), respectively. To test the performance of our method on a special cosmology, we chose a fiducial cosmology marked as red star. Note: this sample is neither in the training set, nor the validation set.