Correlation γ₁ comparison between different theoretical models and the observational result. The green band represents the result of the dataset’s all multiple systems population obtained through the MLR model (same as the top panel in Fig. 5, with points having the same meaning). The dotted and dotted-dashed lines in different colors represent the power-law indices under various theoretical models, arranged in descending order from top to bottom. For comparison of correlation γ₁ , the intercepts of the models are standardized with the intercept of the observational result.