Example illustrating the calculation of the 𝒮, ℛ, and ℰ parameters in a simulated galaxy. The left panel shows the cumulative profile for the 3D distribution of [C II], with the dashed line marks the contribution of the central galaxy to the total [C II] emission (as evident from the flattening of the cumulative profile). The remaining fraction (denoted by 𝒮) represents the contribution of satellites. The other panels show cumulative profile constructed from the [C II] surface brightness (blue) and SFR surface density (orange). For the profiles obtained from projections, the value of the ℛ and ℰ parameters are indicated in each panel. In all but the leftmost panel, the dotted, dashed and solid horizontal lines denote cumulative fractions of 70%, 90%, and 100%, respectively. The small and large blue arrows mark $r_{70,[\mathrm{C}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{I}]}$ and $r_{90,[\mathrm{C}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{I}]}$, respectively and the orange arrow denotes r_90,  SFR. The parameter $\mathcal{R}\equiv r_{90,[\mathrm{C}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{I}]}/r_{90,\mathrm{SFR}}$ is calculated from the ratio of the r values denoted by the large blue and orange arrows, while the parameter $\mathcal{E}\equiv r_{90,[\mathrm{C}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{I}]}/r_{70,[\mathrm{C}\mathrm{I}\mathrm{I}]}$ from the ratio of the large and small blue arrows.