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Fig. 4.

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Top (a): Planet radius vs. irradiance for sub-Neptunes with a mass of 2.5M and initial envelope mass fractions of 1% (solid lines) and 3% (dashed lines), at 2 and 6 Gyr. H2O/H2 is set to the saturation limit (dashed line in Fig. 3) up to a maximum of 0.1. Bottom (b): Same for sub-Neptunes at 4 Gyr with H2O as prescribed above, vs. those with envelopes without H2O.

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