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Fig. 2.

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Projected radial temperature profile around large (r > 8.5 kpc) late-type spiral galaxies in the redshift range z = [0.004, 0.02] (2550 galaxies) when considering the full Planck SEVEM PR4 map (black) line, the map with the quadrupole removed (green line) and the map with the multipoles  ≤ 5 removed (red line). The shaded areas show the 95% confidence intervals for the corresponding 600 simulated SEVEM PR4 maps. The lower map shows the same results but limited to the 1250 galaxies in the 3 areas defined in Fig. 4. The profile of the remaining 1300 galaxies outside these areas is shown with a red dashed line with the red-white dashed line indicating the 95% confidence interval.

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