Influence of noise on the DM estimate from DM_phase. Burst #377 from Fig. 6 in the extended data in Xu et al. (2022) was normalized in the off-burst window in each channel (such that the standard deviation of the noise std = 1), and Gaussian noise was added in each channel. Each simulation was then run through DM_phase with an automatic spectrum cut. Top row: Example of spectra before and after DM correction for three different values of noise std. Middle row: Corresponding DM_phase spectra. Bottom row:ΔDM vs. a set of noise realizations, six simulation runs per each noise std. For clarity, some jitter along the horizontal axis was added to each set of points.