Relative abundance of the 100 µm particles in the first panel in Figure 4. The CO_ice and H₂O_ice abundance is a function of orbital time of the particle (in years). During the initial dust-settling phase, the CO_ice and H₂O_ice abundance remains constant as the particle remains UV-shielded in the disk until it starts experiencing the vertical circling motion during the VSI non-linear regime at a few tens of hundreds of orbits. The big drop in both abundance profiles happens at ~50.9 Kyr (at 143 orbits at 46.5 au), when the particle reaches the UV-active layer (log₁₀(F_UV) = 9.11 photons s⁻¹ cm⁻²) in the saturation-turbulence VSI phase. Here, the particle loses a significant amount of CO_ice and H₂O_ice from its surface. These icy volatiles are expected to be completely absent from the grain surface when it is back to the disk midplane (crosshatched region).