Star formation rate surface density Σ_SFR as a function of redshift. The empty black squares show the median values for all the galaxies from L-GALAXIES2020 with M_* >  10⁸ M_⊙. The empty green, blue and redsquares show the median values for the L-GALAXIES2020 sample divided into stellar mass bins with log(M_*/M_⊙) between 8 and 9, 9 and 10, and above 10. The lines of the same colors are the second-degree polynomial, and the coefficients are given in the bottom right panel. We show the observational data described in Section 2.3, color-coded by their stellar mass, indicated at the top of each panel. The Calabrò et al. (2024) mean values are shown in bins of stellar mass and redshift, and individual galaxies are shown as small diamonds. The dashed green line (only in the top panels) shows the fit from Calabrò et al. (2024). The values of the median of L-GALAXIES2020 SAM are given in Table 2.