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Table 3

Scenarios to model the atmospheric spectra.

Scenario Description Insolation PCO2${P_{{\rm{C}}{{\rm{O}}_2}}}$ (bar) PH2O${P_{{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}}}$ (bar) xH2O${x_{{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}}}$
Dry 1 Biotic, 3 Gyr 1481.2 W m−2 1.366 · 10−1 bar 4.333 · 10−2 bar ~10−6 (a)
Moist 1 Biotic, 3 Gyr 1481.2 W m−2 1.366 · 10−1 bar 4.333 · 10−2 bar 10−1 − 10−5 (a)
Dry 2 Biotic, 4 Gyr 1602.2 W m−2 1.186 · 10−1 bar 4.968 · 10−2 bar ~10−6 (a)
Moist 2 Biotic, 4 Gyr 1602.2 W m−2 1.186 · 10−1 bar 4.968 · 10−2 bar 10−1 − 10−5 (a)
Steam 3 Abiotic, 3 Gyr 1481.2 W m−2 2.082 · 10−1 bar 3.755 · 10−1 bar 23.7%
Steam 4 Abiotic, 4 Gyr 1602.2 W m−2 8.513 bar 2.715 · 102 bar 96.6%
Desiccated 4 Abiotic, 4 Gyr 1602.2 W m−2 8.513 bar 0 bar 0%

Notes. xH2O${x_{{{\rm{H}}_2}{\rm{O}}}}$ is the water volume mixing ratio. (a)H2O abundances in the atmosphere are modified by the assumed hydrological cycle. We note that the atmosphere model 1D TERRA starts 0.5 km above the modelling domain of the geophysical model (see Appendix E). For all scenarios, we assumed an oxygen fugacity of IW-0.2 and an orbital distance of 0.9 AU from a Sun-like star. We assumed a background gas for all models of 1 bar N2 and for the biotic model runs additionally 0.2 bar O2.

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