Fitting results of the IRAS 04370+2559 disk. Panel a: SEDs of IRAS 04370+2559. The best-fit radiative transfer models with compact dust opacities and porous dust opacities are shown with black lines and blue lines, respectively. The grey curve refers to the input BT-Settl spectrum, and photometric data points are overlaid with red dots. Panels b–e: Bayesian probability distributions for Log₁₀(M_dust/M_⊙), Log₁₀(R_c/AU), H₁₀₀, and Ψ. The triangles indicate the best-fit parameter values. The vertical dashed line in panel b marks the analytic dust mass calculated with Eq. (1) by assuming T_dust = 20 K and κ_1.3mm = 2.3 cm²/g.