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Fig. 4.

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Major routes of formation and destruction of HDCO in the gas phase (upper panel) and HDCO and D2CO on the grain surfaces (lower panel). In the latter, arrows identify the most important reactions involving H (blue) and D (red) atoms landing on the surface: direct additions (solid lines) and abstraction (dashed lines). Thick lines represent barrierless reactions, while thin lines are reactions presenting barriers (see text).

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