A possibly solar metallicity atmosphere escaping from HAT-P-32b revealed by Hα and He absorption

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Volume 686 (June 2024)

A&A, 686 (2024) A208

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Table 1

Parameters and model settings.

Parameters (the fiducial model)	Value	Reference
M_* (stellar mass)	1.160 M_⊙	Hartman et al. (2011)
R_* (stellar radius)	1.219 R_⊙	Hartman et al. (2011)
M_P (planetary mass)	0.585 M_J	Hartman et al. (2011)
R_P (planetary radius)	1.789 R_J	Hartman et al. (2011)
Semi-major axis	0.0343 AU	Hartman et al. (2011)
[Fe/H]	−0.04	Hartman et al. (2011)
H/He	92/8	This work
L_X or L(5–100 Å)	2.3 × 10²⁹ erg⁻¹	Czesla et al. (2022)
L(100–504 Å)	${3.1}_{- 14}^{+ 4.1} \times 10^{29} e r g s^{- 1}$ $\[3.1_{-14}^{+4.1} \times 10^{29} \mathrm{~erg} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}\]$	Czesla et al. (2022)
L_EUV or L(100–920 Å)	${1.2}_{- 0.7}^{+ 2.1} \times 10^{30} e r g s^{- 1}$ $\[1.2_{-0.7}^{+2.1} \times 10^{30} \mathrm{~erg} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}\]$	Czesla et al. (2022)
F_NUV or F(912–3646 Å) at 0.0343 AU	~6 × 10⁷ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹	Czesla et al. (2022)
F_XUV or F(1–912 Å) at 0.0343 AU, F₀	4.2 × 10⁵ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹	Czesla et al. (2022)
F_X or F(1–100 Å) at 0.0343 AU, $F_{X_{0}}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{X}_0}\]$	6.95 × 10⁴ erg cm⁻² s⁻¹	Czesla et al. (2022)
β_m = F(1–100 Å)/F(1–912 Å)	0.16	Czesla et al. (2022)
Lyα flux at 1 AU (ζ Dor)	46.5 erg cm⁻² s⁻¹	Linsky et al. (2013)
Lyα flux at 0.0343 AU, $F_{L y α_{0}}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{Ly} \alpha_0}\]$	39 524 erg cm⁻² s⁻¹	Linsky et al. (2013), this work
Pressure at the bottom of atmosphere	1 μbar	This work
Atmosphere upper boundary	10 R_P	This work

Parameter range adopted in this work

Z	1, 10, 30, 50, 100, 200, 300 (10 ≤ Z ≤ 50 for discussion)
H/He	92/8, 99/1, 99.5/0.5, 99.9/0.1
F_XUV/F₀	0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 1.25, 2, (0.1 for H/He = 92/8, 2.5 and 3 for H/He = 99.9/0.1)
β_m	0.1, 0.16, 0.2,0.3, 0.4, 0.5
$F_{L y α} / F_{L y α_{0}}$ $\[F_{\mathrm{Ly} \alpha} / F_{\mathrm{Ly} \alpha_0}\]$	1, 3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 1000, 4000, 10 000, 20 000

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