Effect of γ value on sky model preprocessing. The preprocessing of the sky model via Eq. (1) is significantly affected by the γ value. The proposed method modifies the intensities of the image pixels to improve the network’s capacity for accurate reconstruction. By employing a nonlinear root operation, nonzero values are pushed closer to one, effectively making the histogram more uniform. However, this modification also impacts the relative distances. Therefore, an optimal γ value is required to ensure a compromise between these two tendencies. The histogram y-axis limits are set so that the height of the third bin comprises 80% of the image.