Standard deviation (in km s⁻¹) of values in the residual (observed minus KinMSpy model) velocity map, as a function of the black hole mass and disk inclination of the model, following the color bar to the right of each panel. The left column is for the Keplerian disk model, and the right column for the Jeter RIAF model. From top to bottom are the standard deviations measured using Gauss-fit, sigma-clip, and spiral-arm masks. The panels of each row follow the same color bar.