Table 1.
Basic information about working sample of fast-rotating O-type stars extracted from the multi-epoch spectroscopy, TESS and Gaia data, as well as some other specific studies from the literature.
Name | SpC | v sin i | RVPP | σRV | SB tag | Phot. var. | X-ray | Contamination | Runaway? | Final binary |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[km s−1] | [km s−1] | [km s−1] | (TESS) | log(LX/LBOL) | (1′ and 1′–2′) | (Gaia+lit.) | status | |||
BD+36°4145 | O8.5 V(n) | 200 ± 3 | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 1.2 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | no | LS | |
HD 216532 | O8.5 V(n) | 200 ± 3 | 15.0 ± 3.8 | 3.8 | LPV | PQ (+fr>5) | 0+1 | no | LS | |
HD 163892 | O9.5 IV(n) | 201 ± 12 | 83.50 ± 9.1 | 26.3 | SB1 | _ | 0+0 | no | SB1 (†) | |
HD 210839 | O6.5 I(n)fp | 201 ± 8 | 28.5 ± 5.5 | 6.3 | LPV/SB1? | SLF | −7.10 (a) | 0+0 | yes | LS (*) |
HD 308813 | O9.7 IV(n) | 205 ± 5 | 41.5 ± 6.7 | 15.4 | SB1 | ? | −7.36 (l) | 0+1 | no | SB1 |
HD 36879 | O7 V(n)((f)) | 205 ± 6 | 10.0 ± 2.5 | 3.2 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 37737 | O9.5 II-III(n) | 209 ± 11 | 156.5 ± 9.9 | 48.3 | SB1 | EB | _ | no | SB1 | |
HD 152200 | O9.7 IV(n) | 210 ± 32 | 32.0 ± 6.5 | 12.8 | SB1 | RM | −6.99 (b) | 0+1 | no | SB1 |
HD 97434 | O7.5 III(n)((f)) | 215 ± 22 | 14.5 ± 3.5 | 6.1 | LPV | SLF | −6.69 (b) | 0+2 | no | LS |
HD 24912 | O7.5 III(n)((f)) | 224 ± 8 | 29.0 ± 4.7 | 6.2 | LPV/SB2? | _ | −7.09 (c) | 0+0 | yes | LS (*) |
BD+60°2522 | O6.5 (n)fp | 231 ± 23 | 24.5 ± 5.8 | 8.4 | LPV/SB2? | SPB | ∼ − 7.0 (k) | 0+0 | yes | LS (*) |
HD 89137 | ON9.7 II(n) | 233 ± 3 | 3.0 ± 1.3 | 1.3 | LPV | SLF (+fr>5) | _ | yes | LS | |
BD+60°134 | O5.5 V(n)((f)) | 234 ± 9 (*) | 7.5 ± 3.4 | 3.0 | LPV | SLF | _ | yes | LS | |
HD 172175 | O6.5 I(n)fp | 243 ± 20 | 19.5 ± 7.7 | 9.7 | LPV | _ | _ | yes | LS | |
HD 165246 | O8 V(n) | 254 ± 8 | 126.0 ± 14.9 | 36.3 | SB1 | EB | 1+0 | no | SB1 | |
HD 5689 | O7 Vn((f)) | 256 ± 40 | 12.0 ± 3.4 | 4.2 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 124314 | O6 IV(n)((f)) | 256 ± 10 | 33.0 ± 10.2 | 9.9 | LPV/SB2? | SLF | 2+0 | no | LPV/SB2? | |
HD 192281 | O4.5 IV(n)(f) | 261 ± 5 (*) | 19.5 ± 8.6 | 5.6 | LPV | SLF + rot? | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 76556 | O6 IV(n)((f))p | 264 ± 11 | 10.5 ± 7.3 | 4.4 | LPV | SLF + rot? | −7.09 (i) | 1+1 | no | LS |
HD 41997 | O7.5 Vn((f)) | 272 ± 12 | 23.5 ± 4.8 | 6.0 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 124979 | O7.5 IV(n)((f)) | 273 ± 6 | 12.0 ± 3.3 | 3.8 | LPV | SLF | _ | yes | LS | |
HD 155913 | O4.5 Vn((f)) | 282 ± 10 (*) | 8.5 ± 8.0 | 3.1 | LPV | SLF + rot? | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 175876 | O6.5 III(n)(f) | 282 ± 16 | 35.5 ± 6.9 | 10.2 | LPV/SB2? | _ | 0+0 | yes | LS (*) | |
HD 15137 | O9.5 II-IIIn | 283 ± 7 | 44.0 ± 6.3 | 10.8 | LPV/SB1? | SLF | 0+0 | yes | SB1 (*) | |
HD 28446A | O9.7 IIn | 291 ± 10 | 29.0 ± 7.5 | 7.0 | LPV | SLF (+fr>5) | 1+0 | no | LS | |
HD 15642 | O9.5 II-IIIn(*) | 293 ± 10 | 23.5 ± 6.6 | 7.6 | LPV | SLF | 0+1 | yes | LS | |
HD 90087 | O9.2 III(n) | 295 ± 2 | 11.5 ± 3.4 | 4.3 | LPV | _ | _ | no | LS | |
HD 165174 | O9.7 IIn | 299 ±11 | 59.5 ± 7.4 | 18.3 | SB1 | _ | −6.9 (d) | 0+0 | no | SB1 |
HD 52266 | O9.5 IIIn | 299 ± 7 | 35.0 ± 6.0 | 10.1 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | no | LPV/SB1? (*) | |
HD 91651 | ON9.5 IIIn | 304 ± 16 | 21.5 ± 5.8 | 6.2 | LPV/SB2? | β Cep | 0+0 | no | LPV/SB2? | |
HD 228841 | O6.5 Vn((f)) | 311 ± 8 (*) | 18.0 ± 7.3 | 5.5 | LPV | SLF | −7.25 (i) | _ | yes | LS |
HD 52533 | O8.5 IVn(*) | 312 ± 14 | 166.0 ± 27.7 | 54.4 | SB1 | EB | 3+0 | no | SB1 (†) | |
BD+60°513 | O7 Vn | 313 ± 11 (*) | 27.5 ± 7.4 | 12.2 | LPV | SLF + rot? | −7.56 (e) | 1+0 | no | LS |
HD 229232 | O4 Vn((f)) | 313 ± 11 (*) | 36.0 ± 17.7 | 13.4 | LPV | SLF + rot? | 1+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 13268 | ON8.5 IIIn | 316 ± 10 | 21.0 ± 5.4 | 5.2 | LPV | _ | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 14442 | O5 n(f)p | 320 ± 14 (*) | 15.0 ± 10.7 | 7.0 | LPV | SPB? | 0+1 | no | LS | |
HD 41161 | O8 Vn | 322 ± 8 | 10.5 ± 3.8 | 3.0 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 149452 | O9 IVn | 323 ± 14 | 1.5 ± 1.2 | 0.8 | LPV | SLF | 1+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 203064 | O7.5 IIIn((f)) | 323 ± 8 | 42.0 ± 8.7 | 10.6 | LPV/SB1? | SLF | 0+0 | yes | LS (*) | |
HD 326331 | O8 IVn((f)) | 323 ± 7 | 17.5 ± 5.2 | 4.4 | LPV | SLF | −6.80 (f) | 2+2 | no | LS |
HD 46485 | O7 V((f))nvar? | 334 ± 16 | 29.5 ± 13.6 | 9.1 | LPV | EB+RM | 0+0 | no | SB1 (*) | |
HD 46056A | O8 Vn | 365 ± 26 (*) | 29.0 ± 11.6 | 8.6 | LPV | PQ (+fr>5) | 1+0 | no | LS | |
HD 117490 | ON9.5 IIInn | 369 ± 10 | 17.0 ± 6.6 | 4.8 | LPV | SLF (+fr>5) | 0+2 | yes | LS | |
HD 102415 | ON9 IV:nn | 376 ± 4 | 35.0 ± 10.8 | 12.0 | LPV | SLF (+fr>5) | 0+1 | no | LS | |
HD 93521 | O9.5 IIInn | 379 ± 14 (*) | 48.5 ± 8.0 | 11.2 | LPV | SLF (+fr>5) | −8.7...9.4 (g) | 0+0 | yes | LS |
HD 217086 | O7 Vnn((f))z | 394 ± 9 | 15.5 ± 8.3 | 4.9 | LPV | SLF | ∼ − 7.0 (j) | 0+0 | no | LS |
HD 14434 | O5.5 IVnn(f)p | 395 ± 12 (*) | 21.0 ± 11.1 | 8.5 | LPV | SLF | −6.77 (h) | 0+0 | yes | LS |
HD 191423 | ON9 II-IIInn(*) | 397 ± 18 | 37.5 ± 9.6 | 9.6 | LPV | SLF | 0+0 | yes | LS | |
HD 149757 | O9.2 IVnn | 400 ± 8 | 32.0 ± 9.5 | 4.7 | LPV | _ | −7.13 (c) | 0+0 | yes | LS |
ALS 12370 | O6. 5Vnn((f)) | 444 ± 13 (*) | 15.0 ± 11.8 | 5.6 | LPV | SLF + rot/EV? | _ | no | LS |
Notes. The list of targets is ordered by increasing v sin i. In this table we list the measurements of peak-to-peak amplitude of variation (RVPP) and standard deviation (σRV) of all radial velocity measurements for each star. Apart from this, we indicate the spectroscopic binary and runaway status (‘SB tag’ and ‘runaway?’ columns, respectively), the type of detected photometric variability (‘phot. var.’ column), the relative X-ray flux (‘X-ray’ column), and the number of detected visual companions within 1 arcmin and between 1 and 2 arcmin, respectively (‘contamination’ column). In the column ‘final binary status’ we indicate our final decision regarding spectroscopic binary status. Eclipsing and spectroscopic binaries in the sample, as well as those stars identified to show ellipsoidal variability in the TESS light curves are highlighted in bold. v sin i: In those stars marked with (*) the use of the He II 5411 line was necessary to estimate the v sin i; SB tag: LPV – line profile variable; SB1, SB2 – one or two spectroscopic binary respectively; LPV/SB1?, LPV/SB2? – uncertain spectroscopic binaries; Phot. var.: SPB/β Cep – coherent low/high frequency variability, respectively; SLF – stochastic low frequency variability; EB – eclipsing binary; EV – ellipsoidal variable; rot? – possible rotational modulation; RM – reflection modulation; PQ – poor quality of the TESS light curve; fr> 5 – existence of prominent peaks at frequencies larger than 5 d−1; _ – no TESS data or no data regarding visual components; “?" – unknown periodic photometric modulation. Final binary status: LS – likely/apparently single star. Those stars marked with a (*) symbol have changed their SB status (compared to Col. 5) after taking into account all available empirical information (see Sect. 3.3.1 for details). In addition, although we keep them as SB1 for the purposes of this paper, Mahy et al. (2022) have identified faint lines of a secondary component using a disentangling technique in a much larger spectroscopic data set in those stars marked with a (†).
References. X-ray: (a)Rauw et al. (2015), HD 308813 Nazé et al. (2013), (b)Nazé (2009), Bhatt et al. (2010), (c)Nazé & Motch (2018), Cohen et al. (2021), (d)Nazé et al. (2020), (e)Rauw & Nazé (2016), (f)Sana et al. (2006), Nazé (2009), (g)Rauw et al. (2012), (h)Nazé (2009), (i)this work, (j)Getman et al. (2006), (k)Toalá et al. (2020), (l)Nazé et al. (2013).
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