Number density distribution of candidate filament pixels across the entire Galactic plane, estimated in bins of 4.8° x 0.16° and comparing the ground truth of Fig. 19a with the segmentation results of the model UNet++ 10^–3 at classification thresholds of 0.8 in Fig. 19b, 0.5 in Fig. 19c, and 0.2 in Fig. 19d. In Fig. 19e, we display the ratio of candidate filament pixels in the segmentation at a classification threshold of 0.8 to the ground truth.