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Fig. 1

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Detected extrasolar planets within the habitable zone for different stellar types. The symbol code is shown in the legend and their size scales with planet radius for circle symbols and planet mass for squares and triangle symbols. Green regions show the optimistic and conservative habitable zones from the Kopparapu et al. (2013) climate models. The kernel density estimation (KDEs) on the right panel show the distribution of planets inside the HZ. The black symbols and line correspond to the occurrence rates of HZ planets for the different stellar types obtained by convolving the Kunimoto & Matthews (2020) occurrence rates with the HZ parameter space. The two dotted horizontal lines encompass the late K-dwarf regime. The difference between the observational density profile and the expected occurrence clearly demonstrates the observational bias nature of this desert being due to a lack of focus on this regime.

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