Left panel: distribution in redshift of log Σ₅. The contours show the density distribution of the points. The average values in different redshift bins are shown as black points. The black line shows the average log Σ₅ for all the miniJPAS galaxies; and magenta and blue lines show the average log Σ₅ for galaxies in groups and in the field environment, respectively. Dashed lines are at the average log Σ₅ for galaxies with P_assoc >  0.6 or 0.8. The colour bar shows the distribution of the rest-frame (u − r) colour. Vertical structures are groups in miniJPAS. Right panel: distribution of log Σ₅ for miniJPAS galaxies (grey area) and field galaxies (grey line), and galaxies in a group (magenta) environment. Vertical lines show the positions of the average values.