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Table A.3

Triton Earth-based and HST observations and the post-fit residual statistics (before 1901).

Reference Time span Ng site astCat Type N RMS Type N RMS
1 Lassell (1849a) 1847–1848 8 992; 503 / p 8 0.′′659 s 6 1.′′563
2 Hall (1900) 1847–1848 17 802 / p 22 0.′′988 s 24 0.′′737
3 Rümker (1849) 1849–1849 2 992 / p 2 0.′′532 s 2 1.′′712
4 Lassell (1849b) 1849–1849 3 992 / p 3 0.′′805 s 2 0.′′866
5 Lassell (1850) 1849–1849 2 992 / p 2 0.′′314 s 1 1.′′099
6 Lassell (1851) 1850–1850 12 992 / p 12 0.′′545 s 6 1.′′520
7 Lassell (1852b) 1851–1851 6 992 / p 6 0.′′431 s 5 1.′′165
8 Lassell (1852a) 1852–1852 24 992 / p 24 0.′′536 s 24 0.′′909
9 Lassell (1857) 1856–1856 5 992 / p 5 0.′′712 s 3 1.′′052
10 Lassell (1864) 1863–1863 13 992 / p 15 0.′′322 s 5 0.′′469
11 Winlock & Pickering (1888) 1866–1868 12 802 / p 15 0.′′558 s 16 0.′′829
12 Davis (1874) 1873–1874 24 787 / p 21 0.′′361 s 41 0.′′318
13 Hall (1877) 1875–1876 40 787 / p 43 0.′′373 s 40 0.′′415
14 Hall (1876) 1876–1877 21 787 / p 22 0.′′191 s 17 0.′′389
15 USNO (1881) 1877–1877 8 787 / p 8 0.′′259 s 9 0.′′387
16 Henry et al. (1886) 1883–1884 19 007 / p 15 0.′′693 s 19 0.′′998
17 Young (1888) 1883–1888 35 H80 / p 41 0.′′470 s 27 0.′′580
18 Henry (1884a) 1884–1884 8 007 / p 8 0.′′449 s 8 0.′′655
19 Henry (1884b) 1884–1884 4 007 / p 1 0.′′158 s 4 1.′′206
20 Lohse (1887) 1885–1886 3 968 / p 3 0.′′449 s 3 1.′′004
21 Perrotin (1887) 1886–1887 15 020 / p 14 0.′′273 s 13 0.′′290
22 Parrish & Stone (1892) 1889–1891 11 780 / p 12 0.′′469 s 6 0.′′907
23 Barnard (1893) 1892–1893 8 662 / p 30 0.′′177 s 45 0.′′319
24 Barnard (1894) 1893–1894 10 662 / p 40 0.′′202 s 62 0.′′345
25 Schaeberle (1895) 1894–1895 12 662 / p 23 0.′′143 s 12 0.′′213
26 Barnard (1895) 1894–1895 14 662 / p 58 0.′′239 s 83 0.′′350
27 USNO (1911) 1894–1906 180 786 / p 193 0.′′272 s 194 0.′′313
28 Schaeberle (1897) 1895–1897 22 662 / p 39 0.′′138 s 20 0.′′144
29 Drew (1897) 1896–1897 46 690 / p 44 0.′′393 s 41 0.′′396
30 ROG (1900) 1896–1898 13 000 / p 14 0.′′911 s 14 0.′′623
31 Schaeberle (1898) 1897–1897 14 662 / p 26 0.′′121 s 13 0.′′164
32 Barnard (1898) 1897–1898 51 754 / p 55 0.′′237 s 105 0.′′264
33 Drew (1899) 1898–1898 12 690 / p 24 0.′′234 s 12 0.′′308
34 Barnard (1899) 1898–1899 51 754 / p 59 0.′′171 s 106 0.′′243
35 Hussey (1899) 1898–1899 13 662 / p 17 0.′′226 s 12 0.′′291
36 Aitken (1899) 1898–1899 13 662 / p 13 0.′′243 s 13 0.′′288
37 ROG (1899) 1899–1899 11 000 / p 12 0.′′235 s 12 0.′′347
38 Kostinsky (1900) 1899–1899 9 084 ? p 9 0.′′257 s 9 0.′′286
39 Christie (1901) 1899–1900 7 000 / p 7 0.′′416 s 6 0.′′358
40 Hussey (1902) 1899–1900 8 662 / p 8 0.′′171 s 8 0.′′430
41 Barnard (1901) 1899–1901 116 754 / p 122 0.′′192 s 235 0.′′228
42 Kostinsky (1902) 1899–1901 12 084 ? p 12 0.′′269 s 12 0.′′421

Notes. Both site and astCat are directly extracted from OCNS2019 (Yuan et al. 2021). The code site is the IAU observatory code. The astCat catalog is the star catalog or ephemerides used in astrometric reductions: the MPC code8 if a known star catalog is used, a question mark if an unknown star catalog is used, a plus sign if known ephemerides are used, and a slash if neither a star catalog nor ephemerides are used. The value Ng is the number of the observation nights, N the number of each type of observed coordinates, and RMS the root mean square of the post-fit residuals from our orbit fitting process. It should be emphasized that the observations listed in this table do not include those rejected by the 3σ criteria applied by the orbit fitting process and the post-fit residuals have been corrected with the observational model parameters determined by the orbit fitting process. The coordinate types include position angle, p, separation, s, the two components of absolute coordinates, right ascension α and declination δ, those of relative coordinates, Δα and Δδ, and those of differential coordinates, Δαcosδ and Δδ. All residuals in p are normalized by multiplying s and those in α and Δα by cos δ.

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