Fig. 4.

Differences in geocentric positions of the Neptune system barycenter between DE438 (Folkner & Park 2018) and other high-precision ephemerides: (1) DE430 (Folkner et al. 2014), the base of DE438; (2) DE721, which is very similar to DE421 (Folkner et al. 2009) but covers a longer time span; (3) INPOP19a (Fienga et al. 2019), the latest INPOP ephemerides developed by IMCCE; and (4) EPM2017 (Pitjeva & Pitjev 2018), the latest EPM ephemerides developed by IAA RAS. The vertical span in gray shows the time span covering the observed relative coordinates referenced to non-ICRS reference systems in OCNS2019.
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