Table 1
System properties of the canonical impact simulations.
Simulations run as in the canonical case using the rocky Theia model | ||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Run | b | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
δFE[%] | ![]() |
δfT[%] | δenrich | Qtar,solid | Qimp | ![]() |
||
Hrc1Solid | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.23 | 0.34 | 2.22 | 5 | 0.31 | −52 | 0.00 | 0.88 | 1.95 | 1.19 | ||
Hrc1Molten | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 0.30 | 1.99 | 5 | 0.32 | −46 | −0.02 | 0.78 | 1.45 | 0.98 | ||
Hrc2Solid | 0.70 | 1.26 | 1.21 | 0.37 | 2.38 | 5 | 0.42 | −59 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.83 | 1.29 | ||
Hrc2Molten | 0.70 | 1.26 | 1.21 | 0.33 | 2.09 | 5 | 0.44 | −56 | −0.04 | 0.78 | 1.45 | 1.18 | ||
Hrc3Solid | 0.67 | 1.26 | 1.04 | 0.20 | 1.36 | 8 | 1.59 | −43 | 0.00 | 0.86 | 2.15 | 0.57 | ||
Hrc3Molten | 0.67 | 1.26 | 1.02 | 0.16 | 1.17 | 6 | 1.67 | −37 | −0.01 | 0.78 | 1.51 | 0.41 | ||
Mrc1Solid | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.23 | 0.37 | 2.42 | 5 | 0.26 | −57 | 0.00 | 0.89 | 1.86 | 1.23 | ||
Lrc1Solid | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.19 | 0.32 | 2.15 | 3 | 0.48 | −50 | 0.00 | 0.88 | 1.98 | 1.04 | ||
Lrc1Molten | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.18 | 0.31 | 1.97 | 2 | 0.53 | −52 | −0.04 | 0.77 | 1.50 | 1.08 | ||
Lrc2Solid | 0.70 | 1.26 | 1.14 | 0.31 | 2.06 | 3 | 0.80 | −60 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.82 | 0.99 | ||
Lrc2Molten | 0.70 | 1.26 | 1.12 | 0.27 | 1.79 | 2 | 0.94 | −51 | −0.04 | 0.78 | 1.50 | 0.84 | ||
Lrc3Solid | 0.67 | 1.26 | 1.02 | 0.19 | 1.29 | 4 | 1.66 | −41 | 0.00 | 0.86 | 2.21 | 0.54 | ||
Lrc3Molten | 0.67 | 1.26 | 1.07 | 0.21 | 1.45 | 4 | 1.29 | −49 | −0.04 | 0.77 | 1.54 | 0.60 | ||
Lrc4Solid | 0.50 | 1.26 | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.66 | 10 | 2.84 | −39 | 0.00 | 0.85 | 2.27 | 0.24 | ||
Lrc4Molten | 0.50 | 1.26 | 0.87 | 0.10 | 0.69 | 8 | 2.95 | −38 | −0.03 | 0.74 | 1.95 | 0.27 | ||
Lrc5Solid | 0.70 | 1.36 | 1.09 | 0.30 | 1.77 | 4 | 1.82 | −52 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.95 | 1.22 | ||
Lrc5Molten | 0.70 | 1.36 | 1.12 | 0.31 | 1.81 | 8 | 1.60 | −51 | −0.04 | 0.77 | 1.56 | 1.24 | ||
Lrc6Solid | 0.70 | 1.16 | 1.12 | 0.25 | 1.84 | 1 | 0.31 | −63 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.79 | 0.65 | ||
Lrc6Molten | 0.70 | 1.16 | 1.10 | 0.18 | 1.32 | 2 | 0.46 | −52 | −0.04 | 0.77 | 1.50 | 0.50 | ||
Lrc7Solid | 0.30 | 1.26 | 0.56 | 0.17 | 1.42 | 14 | 8.34 | −20 | 0.00 | 0.74 | 3.50 | 0.26 | ||
Lrc7Molten | 0.30 | 1.26 | 0.57 | 0.20 | 1.43 | 18 | 8.17 | −16 | −0.01 | 0.58 | 3.89 | 0.53 | ||
Lrc8Solid | 0.50 | 1.36 | 0.84 | 0.11 | 0.72 | 13 | 3.73 | −41 | 0.00 | 0.87 | 2.21 | 0.40 | ||
Lrc8Molten | 0.50 | 1.36 | 0.84 | 0.16 | 1.01 | 17 | 3.79 | −48 | −0.04 | 0.76 | 1.82 | 0.55 | ||
Lrc9Solid | 0.80 | 1.26 | 1.24 | 0.39 | 2.33 | 1 | 0.12 | −63 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.78 | 1.51 | ||
Lrc9Molten | 0.80 | 1.26 | 1.24 | 0.39 | 2.32 | 1 | 0.13 | −56 | −0.04 | 0.78 | 1.46 | 1.51 | ||
Lrc10Solid | 0.80 | 1.36 | 1.32 | 0.43 | 2.60 | 7 | 0.30 | −59 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.83 | 1.69 | ||
Lrc10Molten | 0.80 | 1.36 | 1.31 | 0.44 | 2.59 | 10 | 0.32 | −52 | −0.04 | 0.78 | 1.42 | 1.73 | ||
Lrc11Solid | 0.50 | 1.51 | 0.74 | 0.20 | 1.23 | 23 | 5.28 | −47 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 2.05 | 0.80 | ||
Lrc11Molten | 0.50 | 1.51 | 0.73 | 0.19 | 1.12 | 25 | 5.42 | −44 | −0.04 | 0.76 | 1.90 | 0.77 | ||
Lrc12Solid | 0.30 | 1.36 | 0.45 | 0.43 | 2.66 | 30 | 11.02 | −24 | 0.00 | 0.81 | 3.06 | 1.64 | ||
Lrc12Molten | 0.30 | 1.36 | 0.45 | 0.47 | 2.66 | 35 | 10.92 | −25 | −0.02 | 0.71 | 2.68 | 1.99 | ||
Lrc13Solid | 0.40 | 1.26 | 0.76 | 0.07 | 0.60 | 10 | 4.30 | −25 | 0.00 | 0.78 | 2.98 | 0.11 | ||
Lrc13Molten | 0.40 | 1.26 | 0.77 | 0.08 | 0.64 | 7 | 4.20 | −21 | −0.01 | 0.66 | 2.87 | 0.17 | ||
Lrc14Solid | 0.60 | 1.26 | 0.96 | 0.12 | 0.90 | 5 | 2.06 | −42 | 0.00 | 0.86 | 2.18 | 0.28 | ||
Lrc14Molten | 0.60 | 1.26 | 0.97 | 0.13 | 0.94 | 4 | 2.05 | −42 | −0.03 | 0.76 | 1.69 | 0.33 | ||
Lrc15Solid | 0.76 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 0.35 | 2.11 | 2 | 0.28 | −59 | 0.00 | 0.89 | 1.84 | 1.35 | ||
Lrc15Molten | 0.76 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 0.35 | 2.23 | 1 | 0.29 | −54 | −0.04 | 0.78 | 1.46 | 1.27 | ||
Simulations run as in the canonical case using the simple-layered proto-Earth model | ||||||||||||||
Run | b | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
δFE[%] | ![]() |
δfT[%] | δenrich | Qtar,solid | Qimp | ![]() |
||
Hdrc1Solid | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.23 | 0.16 | 0.97 | 5 | 0.25 | −42 | 0.00 | 0.83 | 2.16 | 0.58 | ||
Hdrc1Molten | 0.73 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 0.16 | 1.12 | 4 | 0.31 | −24 | 0.03 | 0.87 | 0.19 | 0.45 | ||
Hdrc2Solid | 0.73 | 1.34 | 1.30 | 0.41 | 2.55 | 4 | 0.31 | −64 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 1.77 | 1.53 | ||
Hdrc2Molten | 0.73 | 1.34 | 1.30 | 0.43 | 2.69 | 4 | 0.32 | −59 | −0.06 | 0.75 | 1.33 | 1.58 | ||
Hdrc3Solid | 0.73 | 1.43 | 1.31 | 0.51 | 2.8 | 6 | 0.71 | −62 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 1.8 | 2.27 | ||
Hdrc3Molten | 0.73 | 1.43 | 1.12 | 0.27 | 1.52 | 5 | 2.00 | −47 | −0.04 | 0.75 | 1.32 | 1.19 | ||
Hdrc4Solid | 0.70 | 1.26 | 1.22 | 0.3 | 2.09 | 3 | 0.39 | −62 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.80 | 0.87 | ||
Hdrc4Molten | 0.70 | 1.26 | 1.21 | 0.26 | 1.78 | 2 | 0.47 | −61 | −0.07 | 0.73 | 1.43 | 0.81 | ||
Hdrc5Solid | 0.70 | 1.37 | 1.07 | 0.20 | 1.21 | 9 | 2.02 | −44 | 0.00 | 0.87 | 2.12 | 0.82 | ||
Hdrc5Molten | 0.70 | 1.37 | 1.07 | 0.20 | 1.22 | 9 | 2.07 | −35 | −0.02 | 0.76 | 1.17 | 0.78 | ||
Hdrc6Solid | 0.67 | 1.26 | 1.04 | 0.12 | 0.84 | 5 | 1.66 | −39 | 0.00 | 0.84 | 2.25 | 0.31 | ||
Hdrc6Molten | 0.67 | 1.26 | 1.02 | 0.08 | 0.62 | 3 | 1.74 | −37 | −0.03 | 0.73 | 1.47 | 0.20 | ||
Simulations run as in the canonical case using the icy Theia model | ||||||||||||||
Run | b | ![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
![]() |
δFE[%] | ![]() |
δfT[%] | δenrich | Qtar,solid | Qimp | ![]() |
||
Lic1Solid | 0.73 | 1.28 | 1.20 | 0.51 | 2.77 | 0 | 0.56 | −88 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 1.56 | 2.28 | ||
Lic1Molten | 0.73 | 1.28 | 1.22 | 0.50 | 2.78 | 0 | 0.50 | −81 | −0.07 | 0.77 | 1.39 | 2.21 | ||
Lic2Solid | 0.73 | 1.38 | 1.33 | 0.90 | 5.84 | 0 | 0.43 | −92 | 0.00 | 0.94 | 1.54 | 3.12 | ||
Lic2Molten | 0.73 | 1.38 | 1.32 | 0.88 | 5.95 | 0 | 0.45 | −91 | −0.10 | 0.78 | 1.46 | 2.78 | ||
Lic3Solid | 0.80 | 1.28 | 1.21 | 0.52 | 2.76 | 0 | 0.33 | −87 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 1.57 | 2.49 | ||
Lic3Molten | 0.80 | 1.28 | 1.26 | 0.53 | 2.90 | 0 | 0.21 | −79 | −0.07 | 0.77 | 1.38 | 2.39 | ||
Lic4Solid | 0.50 | 1.28 | 0.59 | 0.14 | 0.82 | 0 | 4.45 | −74 | 0.00 | 0.91 | 1.66 | 0.58 | ||
Lic4Molten | 0.50 | 1.28 | 0.54 | 0.09 | 0.56 | 0 | 5.09 | −76 | −0.07 | 0.78 | 1.47 | 0.34 | ||
Lic5Solid | 0.50 | 1.38 | 0.53 | 0.14 | 0.84 | 0 | 5.44 | −77 | 0.00 | 0.92 | 1.64 | 0.55 | ||
Lic5Molten | 0.50 | 1.38 | 0.52 | 0.14 | 0.79 | 0 | 5.69 | −75 | −0.07 | 0.79 | 1.45 | 0.60 | ||
Lic6Solid | 0.67 | 1.28 | 1.17 | 0.67 | 4.13 | 0 | 0.80 | −89 | 0.00 | 0.93 | 1.55 | 2.56 | ||
Lic6Molten | 0.67 | 1.28 | 1.16 | 0.64 | 3.94 | 0 | 0.87 | −91 | −0.10 | 0.77 | 1.45 | 2.41 | ||
Lic7Solid | 0.30 | 1.28 | 0.31 | 0.12 | 1.02 | 0 | 9.07 | −42 | 0.00 | 0.88 | 2.17 | 0.11 | ||
Lic7Molten | 0.30 | 1.28 | 0.28 | 0.11 | 0.95 | 0 | 9.03 | −41 | −0.02 | 0.79 | 1.74 | 0.14 | ||
Lic8Solid | 0.60 | 1.28 | 0.74 | 0.25 | 1.42 | 0 | 3.28 | −83 | 0.00 | 0.92 | 1.59 | 1.08 | ||
Lic8Molten | 0.60 | 1.28 | 0.60 | 0.09 | 0.67 | 0 | 4.33 | −77 | −0.08 | 0.77 | 1.45 | 0.25 |
Notes. Hdrc# are high-resolution simulations run with the simple-layered proto-Earth model. The simulations run with the multi-layered proto-Earth are Hrc# which is run with N = 3.3 × 106 particles and Mrc1solid which is a simulation run with N = 1.2 × 106 particles and the rest of the simulations were run with N = 1.2 × 105 particles. rc# indicates simulations run with a rocky impactor and ic# indicates simulations run with an icy impactor. Here, b is the impact parameter, Limp is the angular momentum of the impact, Lsys is the angular momentum of the bound system, LD is the angular momentum of the disk, MD is the disk mass, δFE is the iron content of the disk, Mesc escaping mass, and Mm is the estimated mass of the satellite. The parameters are scaled by the angular momentum of the Earth–Moon system (LEM) and by the mass of the Moon (MM). The compositional parameters (δfT, δenrich, Qimp, Qtar,solid) are all defined in Sect. 3.
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